Improvement in machines for makfng brushes



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Letters Patent No. 110,529Ldated December 27, r1870.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all ywhom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OscAn D. WooDBUnY, of the city, county, and State of N cw York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for lilaking Brushes, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the ac companying` drawing forming part of this spccication, and in which- Figure l represents afront elevation of a machine, in part constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2, a partially sectional side elevation ofthe same.

Figure 3 represents an elevation, as seen from the rear, of certain mechanism for rotating the plunger, which doubles the bristles and aids in the insertion of them within the brush-back or stock.

Figure 4 is a side view of mechanism for centering the brush-back. l

Figure 5 is a sectional plan of the machine, taken mainly as indicatedby the line :cx in figs. l and 2.

' Figures (i and 7 arev side views, at right angles to each other, on an enlarged sca-le, of the lower portion of the doubling-plunger -and Figure S, a sectional view of au internally-threaded or spirally-grooved mouthpiece or nut, used at the lower end of another plunger that, in conjunction with the doubling plunger', serves to effect Ithe insertion of the bristles Figure 9 represents a detached bunch of bristles having the wire passed through it, but not yet bent spirally around itk; and *Y Figure l0, a sectional view of a brush-back in part, with a bunch of bristles secured therein, by way of illustrating the kind of work it is more particularly the object of my invention to produce. A

Similar let-ters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention is mainly designed for the mauufac ture of brushes constructed iu accordance with Letters latent of the United States (No. 102,460) issued to me April 2G, 1870, the salue comprising a brush iu which thc bunches of bristles are bound with wire in a spiral manuelI to form a screw, and the bunches so bound are screwed into the stock.

This invention consists iu a combination of au inner and outer plunger, together with a nut or mouth-piece having a female tln'cad in it, the whole being constructed and operating to double the bristles into a bunch, to bind thc wire in a spiral manner around thc latter, and to effect thc insertion of the wire-bound bunch by screwing into the brush-back or stock.

The invention also consists in a combination of an iutcrmittently-travclling comb and reciprocating saw-v It also consists in a combinationv of a g'auge or twisted receiver with a brist1es-feeding device or devices, for directing the bristles from the latterto the devices which operate to form them into bunches, and to eiiect the insertion thereof.

Tile invention likewise comprises a centering device, eonstructed to automatically center the brush` back or stock under the devices used for the insertion ofthe bunches.

It'furthcrmore includes a combination, with the plungers hereiubcfore referred to, of a wiring appar. tus arranged to feed the wire in measured lengths through said pluugers whilethe same are in motion.

Finally, theiiuvcntion consists in a combination, iu the one machine, of a bristles-feeding .device or devices, with a device or devices operating to double the bristles, to ,bind the wire spirally around the bunch, -and to insert or screw the latter into the brush-stock, together with an apparatus for feeding iu .suitable lengths the wire through the loops ortolds formed by the doubling ofthe bristles.

Referring Yto the accompanying drawing- A represents the main frame of the maciue. This framemay be of any suitable construction or support ot" the working parts, and carries, at its top, a hori' zontal driviug-shaft,B, which receives its motion from a pulley,p0.

D is a secondary shaft arranged vertically within the machine, and deriving its motion from the main shaft B, by bevel-gear (t a. This secondary shaft D serves to operate the devices by which the bristles are fed to the pluugers that effect the doubling of them, the binding of the bristles by the wire, and the insertion of the bunch iu the brush-back or stock. The mechanism for centering the brnshback or stock uu-' der the bristles-inserting devices, may also derive its motion from this secondary shaft. These last-mentioned devices are operated by the other or main shaft B.

E represents the table-surface on which the' brushback or stock F, h( ving holes b in it for thereception of the bunches, lies.

Gr is a horizontal comb, arranged over an upper table, H, situated in the rear of the bristles-inserting devices. rlhis comb, the teeth of which face the front of the machine, has au intermittent travel in direction of the arrow y, fig.'5, a tooth or space between two teeth at a time, when feeding the bristles for their passage to the bunch-forming amliuserting devices. The bristles are placed, by any suitable means, between the teeth oi' said comb so that they stand in an upright position therein, projecting for about half their heights or lengths above the` comb and resting at their lower ends on the table H.

Flach intermittent movement of the comb G which is cl'ected by a weight, c, and cord d, passing over suitably-arranged pulleyscr guides, causes a space between two contiguous teeth in the comb to be brought opposite a twisted receiver or gauge, I, into and down 0r across through which the bristles in said combspace are passed by the action of a saw-shaped feeder, J, having an intermittently-reciproea-ting motion in a transverse direction t0 the comb.

This saw-feeder has its motion communicated to it in its one or backward direction by a toe-cam, llt, on the shaft D, operating against a roller or projection carried by a rod or arm, e, which is guided in its course by a pin and slot, f. Said saw-feeder is worked in a reverse direction or thrown forward by a spring, g,

pullingon the arm e.

Each forward motion of the saw-feeder J projects a cert, in `quantity of the bristles in the comb-space facngthe spiral receiver` I into said receiver'. The bristles, as theyarc crowded down and through the twisted receiver I, are turned so as to occupy a horizontal position or then'eabout, and pass from said receiver'into the outer plunger K of the bristles-inserting devices, which plungerhas the .doubling plunger L arranged for operation within it.

Before describing thc action of these devices, however, which operate upon the bristles in detached quantities of a Size or amount corresponding to the bunches to be made, it may be here stated that the resistance of the bristles in the comb-,space opposite 'the receiver I, against the saw-feeder J, serves to hohl the comb Gr in check' against prematurely moving forward another space.

A, suitable stop-motion may also be combined with the comb, in addition, if desired, and furthermore, if necessary, a crowding-fork be used to aid the sawfeeder in .its feed of the bristles' down orthrough'the twisted receiver; likewise, a separating or dividingr contrivance beattached to the outer plunger` for ap@ portioning the supply of bristles to the latter from the receiver, and to shut off, at necessary intervals, dis-V charge from the receiver.

The bristles are introduced to the hollow and outer plunger K, through a transverse side slot or oblique passages, h, during the lip-stroke of the plunger.

A deposit of bristles having been made in the oblique sloth of the plunger K, and'preferably so that they project through or beyond it on opposite sides,

said plunger remains stationary for a time, while the donblingyplunger L comes down wit-hin it This last-mentioned plunger is made bifurcated at its lower end, and with longitudinal grooves t up its sides, so that, in the early portion of its descent, it catches on or over the bristles lying across and through the plunger K, and, as said inner plunger L continues its descent alone toward a nut or mouth-piece, M, at the bottom of the outer plunger, folds or doubles up the bristles into the side-grooves t. l

The bristles, in thus being drawn out of the oblique slot 7a by the descent o'f the plunger L to forni a bunch, may be straightened orV combed' out by being drawn through a comb arranged to partially'surronnd and attached to the outer plunger.

After the inner plunger L, in its solitary descent, as described, has entered the. nut M, which is of tapering configuration internally, and the bottom of the plunger L, of corresponding shape, the wn'e 7 to bind the bristles is introduced through the loop formed by the doubling of them, by passing vit through crosspassages or perforations K, made in or through the nut/M, and through the bifurcated portion of the plunger L, said wire being of a suitable length to project through and beyond, for a shorter or greater distance, said perforations on opposite sides of the i nut M.

The two plungers K and L then move down in common toward or onto the brush-back or stock F, over a hole, l), therein, or the wiring may bc effected while they are so moving, as hereinafter described.

lVhile the two plungers K and L are thus descending in common, or as they `reach the end of their downward stroke, thedoubling plunger L is rotated t in a suitable direction to wind thewire spirally around the doubled bristles, which is aided or effected by the threads or spiral grooves in the mouth-piece M, the wire entering said threads.

The. plunger L continuingto rotate in the same direc tion, the wire-bound bunch is projected through the bottom of the nut orinternally-threaded mouth-piece and, by its wire binding, caused to screw its way into the hole b in the brush-back.

The plunger L is then rotated in a reverse direction to take the twist out of the bristles, and the two plungers K and L move up or back to their raised positions for a further like action on a succeeding lot of bristles, and s on till the brush is completed.

The devices by which these several motions and intermediate necessary pauses are secured to the plungers K and L may be as follows:

On the main shaft B is a d isk, N, which has inthe vfront face of it a cam-groove, l, that, by itsV configuration, 'serves to give the requisite movements and pauses to the hollow plunger K, the connection with the latter being established by a pin or roller, m, travcling in the groove l, and carried by an arm, n, in adtinstable attachment, by screw-nuts, with a verticallymoving rod, o, which serves to operate a vertical slide, p, that carries t-he hollow plunger K.

The innerand doubling plunger L is operated by an eccentric-pin, q, on the face ot' the disk N, said pin working, as the disk rotates, in and along a suitablyf slotted or grooved cross-head, P, mainly of a shape corresponding with the path in which the lpin q travels during the lower portion of its motion, and it be ing guided so as to have an intermittent verticallysliding action under the operation of the revolving eceentricfpin q.

The upper end of the plunger L is attached to this cross-head P by a screw and annular groove, as'shown in iig. 2, in order to admitof said plunger having its necessary intermittent; rotary' as well as its intermittent vertical movement.

The requisite rotary motion is communicated to said plunger L to spirally wind the wire around the doubled bristles, and to screw the bunch into the hole in the brush-back also, to take the twist out of the bristles when the plungers retire, by means of a suitably-shaped groove, 1', in the back of the.revolving disk N, said groove serving to operate a pin, s, attached to a lever, t, and working up and down through a. curved slot, u, in the'main frame.

By these means an intermittent up-and-down motion is colnmnnicated'to the lever Vt, and through the latter by means of a pitrnan, w, and slotted or adjustto a toothed sector, Q, which is in gear with a hori- Zonta-l bevel-pinion, a.

This pinion a', as it is rotatedin the one direction or the other, which takes place at the close of the descent of thc plunger-s KL, and as they commence to move ,up again, carries on its arbor a spur-wheel b', that gears with.a pinion,rc', to rotate the plunger L as required.

This pinion c is connected with a sleeve, d,'t hrough which the plunger L slides by Vgroove and feather.. This provides for the rotary as well as the' npand down motions of the plunger L.

The pinion c may be arranged loose on the sleeve d', and the rotation of the sleeve by the pinion be effected 'by a clutch-tension eand friction device, constructed so that, when-the plunger L is being rotated forward to wind .the wire around the bristles and to screw the bunch into tf'li'e brush-back, a stiff or positive rot-ary ing-arme, an intermittent vibratory motion is given4 motion will be communicated to the plunger, but when said plunger is being rotated backward it will have a yielding or slipping action, to free itself in au easy manner from the inserted bunch and avoid all riskof uuscrewing the latter.

The brush-back F is made to automatically center itself', as regards 'the bringing of its holes b in succession under the plungers K- L, by first approximately adjusting said back or stock in a free or loose manner on its bed or table, after which a conical centerer, R, operated by the machine, brings the holein the brushback in precise position to receive the bunch of bristles.

This centerer R is cranked or crooked in its attachment to a vertical spindle, e', which is made capable of slight lup-and-down motions, also of a swinging or vibratory motion around its axis.

IThe action of this centerer is as follows:

Being situated on one side, out of the way, it first is swung forward and gently descends overor in line with the plungers K and L, entering the hole in the brush-back and centering the latter relatively to said plunger-s, after which it rises from said hole and swings backout of the way to make room for the plungers to descend over the centered hole. 'lhe swinging motion of said centerer-1t, on or by its vertical spindle e to move the centerer to and away from its work, is 'effected, at the proper intervals, by a cam, f', operating against a lever, g', which works ou a centena, and is connected to a crank, It, loose on the spindle, but in gear therewith, by a pin, l', and slot m'. This moves the centerer It over the brush-back, and it is swung back when the cam f' ceases to operate on the leverg by the action of a spring, a. Its fallingmotion when swinging forward, and rising one when returning, are efected by the oblique or other suitable coniiguration of the slot fm' in the crank k', operating ou the pin Z attached to the spindle c' of the centerer.

The apparatus for feeding and passing the wire to and through the perforations It' i n the nut M,and thro ugh the bifurcated portion of the inner plunger L may be varied, and similar in lmost of its features to any ordinary feeding apparatus, for supplying in short or measured lengths wire from a coil.

S represents such au apparatus in part, in which the wire is supposed to be taken from a drum and fed forward, at the proper time, by the action of a suitably-constructed reciprocating griping-slide, o', through a cutting-block, p', and through the nut M and bifurliasse cated plunger L, when a cutting-lever, q', comes down and cuts the wire off to its requiredlength, said cutter being operated by a cam, r', on thc shaft D, and the feeding-slide o being actuated by a cam, s', and spring t'. The only pcculiarity here claimed about such or other suitably-coustructed wire-feeding apparatus is, that it is hung so as to move up and down with the plungers K and L for a portion of their stroke; by, for instance, supporting it on a pivot, as at u', and causing it, at its forward end, to rest on a shoulder, v', of the plunger K,' whereby it effects the passing of the wire through the uut M and bifurcatedv plunger L, while-the two plungers K and L are in 1notion,thus saving time and insuring the proper relative position of the wire-feeding apparatus to the hole k in the nut, for the passage of the wire through the latter and inner bifurcated plunger.

What is here claimed, and desired to besecuredby Letters Patent, is- ,V v

1. The combination of the inuerbifurcated plunger L with the outer or hollow plungerK and nut or mouthpiece M, having a female thread in it, substantially as and for the purposes herein lset forth. A 2'. The comb G and sawshaped feeder J constructed and arranged for operation together, essentially as sp'eciiied. A l 3'. The combination of the gauge or twisted receiver I, with a device or devices for feeding the bristles to the device or devices by which they are insertedinv the brush-stock, substantially as specified.

4. The centerer R', constructed to operate, essentially as described, in combination'with a device or devices for inserting the bristles in the brush-back.

5. The combination, with the plungers K and L, of

au apparatus, S, for feeding the wire to or through the latter, and whereby said apparatus is made to move in common with the plungers, substantially as specified.

6. The. combination, in one machine, of a bristle-feeding device er devices, a device or devices operating to double the bristles, to bind the wire spirally around the bunch and to insert or screw the latter into the brush-stock, together with an apparatus for supplying or feeding the wire through the folds formed by the doubling of the bristles, essentially as herein set forth.

OSCAR D. WOODBURY. 4Witnesses:`

FRED. HAYNns, E. O. Woonntmv. 

